Применение тренировок с отягощениями в реабилитации лиц с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (обзор литературы)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease causes progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. It is known that individuals with sarcopenia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are at higher risk of adverse clinical outcomes and mortality. Resistance exercise can counteract skeletal muscle dysfunction by increasing muscle protein synthesis, inducing angiogenesis, and enhancing mitochondrial function. Thus, resistance training should be an important component of comprehensive rehabilitation of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Objective. To analyze the scientific literature on the effects of resistance training on lung function, physical performance, skeletal muscle hypertrophy, quality of life, anxiety, depression, and hospitalization in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Materials and methods. A comprehensive literature search was conducted that matched the aim of the study using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Query dates were October-November 2024, and query depth was 2001-2024. Results. Resistance training can increase skeletal muscle strength and mass, improve cardiorespiratory fitness, improve lung function, enhance quality of life, increase physical activity, and reduce anxiety in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusions. These studies indicate that resistance training is an important component of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD, especially for those with severe or low aerobic exercise tolerance.

Sverchkov V. V., Bykov E. V., Chipyshev A. V.
Ural State University of Physical Culture, Russia, Chelyabinsk

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Vadim V. Sverchkov, Junior Researcher, Research Institute of Olympic Sports, Teacher, Department of Sports Medicine and Physical Rehabilitation, Ural State University of Physical Culture. e-mail: Vadim.Sverchkov@yandex.ru

Evgeny V. Bykov, Dr.Sci. (Med), Professor, Vice-Rector for Research, Head of the Department of Sports Medicine and Physical Rehabilitation, Ural State University of Physical Culture. e-mail: bev58@yandex.ru

Anton V. Chipyshev, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Sports Medicine and Physical Rehabilitation, Ural State University of Physical Culture. e-mail: jk_m@bk.ru